• Aaron, L., & Dallaire, D.H. (2010). Parental incarceration and multiple risk experiences: Effects on family processes and children’s delinquency. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 1471-1484. 
  • Arditti, J. A., Lambert-Shute, J., &Joest, K. (2003). Saturday morning at the jail: Implications of incarceration for families and children. Family Relations, 52(3), 195-204.
  • Arditti, J.A. (2003). Locked doors and glass walls. Family visiting at a local jail. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 8, 115-138. 
  • Arditti, J. A., & Johnson, E. I. (2022). A family resilience agenda for understanding and responding to parental incarceration. American Psychologist, 77(1), 56.
  • Arditti, J. A. (2012). Parental incarceration and the family: Psychological and social effects of imprisonment on children, parents, and caregivers. New York: New York University Press.
  • Burkholder, J., Burkholder, D., Hall, S., & Porter, V. (2020). Training Counselors to Work with the Families of Incarcerated Persons: A National Survey. Professional Counselor, 10(3), 318–326.
  • Christian, J., Mellow, J., & Thomas, S. (2006). Social and economic implications of family connections to prisoners. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34(4), 443-452.
  • Correa, N., Hayes, A., Bhalakia, A., Lopez, K., Cupit, T., Kwarteng‐Amaning, V., … & Van Horne, B. S. (2021). Parents’ perspectives on the impact of their incarceration on children and families. Family Relations, 70(1), 162-170.
  • Cyphert, A. B. (2018). Prisoners of fate: The challenges of creating change for children of incarcerated parents. Maryland Law Review, 77(2), 385–426.
  • Dallaire, D. H. (2007). Incarcerated mothers and fathers: A comparison of risks for children and families. Family Relations, 56, 440-453.
  • Dallaire, D. H., Shlafer, R. J., Goshin, L. S., Hollihan, A., Poehlmann-Tynan, J., Eddy, J. M., & Adalist-Estrin, A. (2021). COVID-19 and prison policies related to communication with family members. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2), 231-241. 
  • Farrington, D. P., Coid, J.W., & Murray, J. (2009). Family factors in the intergenerational transmission of offending. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 19, 109-124.
  • Farrington, D. P., Jolliffe, D., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Kalb, L. M. (2001). The concentration of offenders in families, and family criminality in the prediction of boys’ delinquency. Journal of Adolescence,24, 579-596.
  • Folk, J. B., Nichols, E. B., Dallaire, D. H., & Loper, A. B. (2012). Evaluating the content and reception of messages from incarcerated parents to their children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry82(4), 529-541.
  • Foster, H., & Hagan, J. (2013). Maternal and paternal imprisonment in the stress process. Social Science Research42(3), 650-669.
  • Foster, H., & Hagan, J. (2009). The mass incarceration of parents in America: Issues of race/ethnicity, collateral damage to children, and prisoner reentry. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science623(1), 179-194.
  • Geller, A., Garfinkel, I., & Western, B. (2011). Paternal incarceration and support for children in fragile families.Demography, 48(1), 25-47.
  • Gjelsvik, A., Dumont, D., Nunn, A. (2013). Incarceration of a household member and hispanic health disparities: Childhood exposure and adult chronic disease risk behaviors. Center for Disease Control: Preventing Chronic Disease, 10 (1-8).
  • Glaze, L. E., & Maruschak, L. M. (2008). Parents in prison and their minor children (NCJ 222984). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics. Revised 3/30/2010.
  • Hairston, C. F., Rollin, J., & Jo, H. J. (2004). Family connections during imprisonment and prisoners’ community reentry. Research brief: Children, families, and the criminal justice system.
  • Heard-Garris, N., Sacotte, K. A., Winkelman, T. N., Cohen, A., Ekwueme, P. O., Barnert, E., … & Davis, M. M. (2019). Association of childhood history of parental incarceration and juvenile justice involvement with mental health in early adulthood. JAMA network open2(9), e1910465-e1910465.
  • Jones, D. (2017). When are you coming home: An exploratory essay confronting the issues involving children with incarcerated parents and how to break the cycle. Loyola Law Review, 63(3), 441–446.
  • Kazura, K. (2001). Family programming for incarcerated parents: A needs assessment among inmates. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 32(4), 67-83.
  • LaVigne, N. G., Naser, R. L., Brooks, L. E., & Castro, J. L. (2005).Examining the effect of incarceration and in prison family contact on prisoners’ family relationships. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21, 314 –355. 
  • Lee, R. D., Fang, X., & Luo, F. (2013). The impact of parental incarceration on the physical and mental health of young adults. Pediatrics131(4), e1188-e1195.
  • Lopoo, L. M., & Western, B. (2005). Incarceration and the formation and stability of marital unions. Journal of Marriage and Family67(3), 721-734.
  • Loukas, A., Fitzgerald, H. E., Zucker, R. A., & von Eye, A. (2001). Parental alcoholism and co-occurring antisocial behavior: Prospective relationships to externalizing behavior problems in their young sons. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29, 91-106.
  • Markariev, D., & Shaver, P.R. (2010). Attachment, parental incarceration, and possibilities for intervention: An overview. Attachment and Human Development, 12, 311-331. 
  • McKay, T., Comfort, M., Lindquist, C., & Bir, A. (2019). Holding on: Family and fatherhood during incarceration and reentry. University of California Press.
  • McCord, J., & McCord, W. (1958). The effects of parental role model of criminality. Journal of Social Issues, 14, 66-75.
  • Modecki, K. L., & Wilson, M. N. (2009). The associations between individual and family level characteristics and discipline styles in incarcerated African American fathers. Journal of Child and Family Studies.
  • Murray, J., & Farrington, D. P. (2005). Parental imprisonment: effects on boys’ antisocial behaviour and delinquency through the life‐course. Journal of Child Psychology and psychiatry46(12), 1269-1278.
  • Murray, J. (2007). The cycle of punishment: Social exclusion of prisoners and their children. Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 7(1), 55-81.
  • Mumola, C. J. (2000). Incarcerated parents and their children. US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
  • Phillips, S. D., Erkanli, A., Costello, E. J., &Angold, A. (2007). Differences among children whose mothers have a history of arrest. Women & Criminal Justice, 17(2/3), 45-63.
  • Phillips, S. D., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G. P., Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. (2006). Disentangling the risks: Parent criminal justice involvement and children’s exposure to family risks. Criminology & Public Policy5(4), 677-702.
  • Phillips, Susan & Erkanli, Alaattin. (2008). Differences in patterns of maternal arrest and the parent, family, and child problems encountered in working with families. Children and Youth Services Review. 30. 157-172. 10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.09.003.
  • Phillips, S. D. (2008). Parents’ involvement in the criminal justice system and children’s entry into foster care: Findings and implications from two studies. CW 360.
  • Poehlmann-Tynan, J., & Arditti, J. A. (2017). Developmental and family perspectives on incarcerated parents.In C. Wildeman, A. R. Haskins, & J. Poehlmann-Tynan (Eds.), When parents are  incarcerated: Interdisciplinary research and interventions to support children. (pp. 173–193). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
  • Roettger, M. E., Swisher, R. R., Kuhl, D. C., & Chavez, J. (2011). Paternal incarceration and trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use from adolescence into young adulthood: evidence from longitudinal panels of males and females in the United States. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 106(1), 121–132. 
  • Roxburgh, S., & Fitch, C. (2014). Parental Status, Child Contact, and Well-Being Among Incarcerated Men and Women.Journal Of Family Issues, 35(10), 1394. 
  • Shlafer, R., Duwe, G., & Hindt, L. (2019). Parents in prison and their minor children: Comparisons between state and national estimates. The Prison Journal, 99(3), 310-328.
  • Shlafer, R. J., & Poehlmann, J. (2010). Attachment and caregiving relationships in families affected by parental incarceration. Attachment & human development, 12(4), 395–415. 
  • Siegel, J. A., & Napolitano, L. (2021). Adult and child visiting at urban jails: Perspectives on visitation experiences and policies among visitors and people in jail. The Prison Journal, 101(3), 331-351.
  • Sirpa, S. K. (2002). Familial criminality, familial drug use, and gang membership: Youth criminality, drug use, and gang membership: What are the connections? Journal of Gang Research,9, 11-22.
  • Smith, A., Krisman, K., Strozier, A. L., & Marley, M. A. (2004). Breaking through the bars: Exploring the experiences of addicted incarcerated parents whose children are cared for by relatives. Families in Society85(2), 187-195.
  • Turanovic, J. J., Rodriguez, N., & Pratt, T. C. (2012). The collateral consequences of incarceration revisited: A qualitative analysis of the effects on caregivers of children of incarcerated parents. Criminology50(4), 913-959.
  • Turney, Kristin (2014). Stress Proliferation across Generations? Examining the Relationship between Parental Incarceration and Childhood Health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2014(55), 302-302. 
  • Turney, K. (2014). The consequences of paternal incarceration for maternal neglect and harsh parenting. Social Forces92(4), 1607-1636.
  • Turney, K. , Schnittker, J. and Wildeman, C. (2012), Those they leave behind: Paternal incarceration and maternal instrumental support. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74: 1149-1165.
    Turney, K., & Wildeman, C. (2013). Redefining relationships: Explaining the countervailing consequences of paternal incarceration for parenting. American Sociological Review78(6), 949-979.
  • Van De Rakt, M., Nieuwbeerta, P., & Apel, R. (2009). Association of criminal convictions between family members: Effects of siblings, fathers and mothers. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 19.
  • Wakefield, S. (2014). Accentuating the positive or eliminating the negative: Paternal incarceration and caregiver-child relationship quality. J. Crim. L. & Criminology, 104, 905.
  • Wakefield, S. (2022). Incarceration, Families, and Communities: Recent Developments and Enduring Challenges. Crime and Justice, 51(1), 000-000.
  • Wang, L. Research roundup: The positive impacts of family contact for incarcerated people and their families. Prison Police Initiative.
  • Ward, K. C., Shrake, M., Candelaria, R., Lloyd, C., & Qualkenbush, S. (2022). Identifying the Impact of Incarceration on Parenting: An Examination of Incarcerated Parents’ Perceptions in the “Reading for a Change” Program in Colorado. The Prison Journal, 102(5), 626-647.
  • Wildeman, C., & Wang, E. A. (2017). Mass incarceration, public health, and widening inequality in the USA. The Lancet389(10077), 1464-1474.
  • Wildeman, Christopher. 2012. “Imprisonment and Infant Mortality.” Social Problems 59:228-257.
  • Xia, L., & Lam, C. (2020). Where is home? The lived experiences of Chinese children after their parents have been incarcerated. Journal of Social Work Practice, 34(2), 191–203.